Kugeza ubu ifaranga ry’ibiciro ku isi ni ryinshi, kandi biragoye kurangira mu gihe gito, kikaba kizaba ari ibidukikije binini byo hanze byugarije isoko ry’ibyuma mu Bushinwa mu bihe biri imbere.Nubwo ifaranga rikabije rizagabanya ibyifuzo by’ibyuma ku isi, bizanatanga amahirwe akomeye ku isoko ry’ibyuma by’Ubushinwa. Ubwa mbere, kuzamuka kw’ifaranga ku isi bizaba ari byo bihugu by’ubukungu by’amahanga byugarije isoko ry’ibyuma mu Bushinwa mu bihe biri imbere.
Ibihe by’ifaranga ku isi birakabije.Dukurikije imibare yashyizwe ahagaragara na Banki y'Isi ndetse n’ibindi bigo n’imiryango, biteganijwe ko igipimo cy’ifaranga ku isi kizaba hafi 8% mu 2022, kikaba kiri hafi amanota 4 ku ijana ugereranyije n’umwaka ushize.Mu 2022, ifaranga mu bihugu byateye imbere ryari hafi 7%, rikaba ari ryo hejuru kuva mu 1982. Ifaranga ry’ubukungu bw’isoko rikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere rishobora kugera ku 10%, rikaba ari ryo ryabaye hejuru kuva mu 2008. Kugeza ubu, ifaranga ry’isi yose nta kimenyetso cyerekana ko ryagabanutse ndetse rishobora no kuba kuba mubi kubera ibintu byinshi.Vuba aha, Powell, umuyobozi wa Banki nkuru y’igihugu, na Lagarde, perezida wa Banki Nkuru y’Uburayi, bemeje ko ibihe bishya by’ifaranga biri hafi, kandi ko bidashobora gusubira mu bihe byashize by’ifaranga rito.Birashobora kugaragara ko izamuka ry’ifaranga ry’isi yose rizaba ibidukikije binini by’ubukungu by’amahanga byugarije isoko ry’ibyuma mu Bushinwa mu bihe biri imbere.
Icya kabiri, ifaranga rikomeye ku isi, rizagabanya ibyuma byose bikenerwa
Iterambere ry’ifaranga rikabije ku isi ntirishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku izamuka ry’ubukungu bw’isi, bigatuma ibyago by’ubukungu byiyongera ku isi.Banki y'isi hamwe n’ibindi bigo n’imiryango iteganya ko umuvuduko w’ubukungu bw’isi ku isi mu 2022 uzaba 2.9 ku ijana gusa, ugereranije na 2.8 ku ijana ugereranyije n’umwaka ushize 5.7%.Iterambere ry’ibihugu byateye imbere ryaragabanutseho 1,2 ku ijana naho ubukungu bw’isoko bugenda bwiyongera ku gipimo cya 3.5 ku ijana.Ntabwo aribyo gusa, biteganijwe ko izamuka ryisi yose rizagabanuka mumyaka iri imbere, aho ubukungu bwamerika bwagabanutse kugera kuri 2,5% muri 2022 (kuva 5.7% muri 2021), 1,2% muri 2023, kandi birashoboka ko munsi ya 1% muri 2024.
Ubwiyongere bw'ubukungu ku isi bwaragabanutse cyane, ndetse hashobora no kubaho ihungabana ryuzuye, birumvikana ko intege nke zikenerwa muri rusange.Ntabwo aribyo gusa, ibiciro bikomeza kuzamuka, ariko kandi bituma amafaranga yigihugu agabanuka, bikagabanya ibyo abaguzi bakeneye.Muri iki gihe, ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu Bushinwa byoherezwa mu mahanga, cyane cyane ibyoherezwa mu buryo butaziguye n’ibyuma byoherezwa mu mahanga bizagira ingaruka.
Muri icyo gihe kandi, kwangirika kw'ibidukikije bikenerwa hanze, bizanashishikariza abashinwa gufata ibyemezo byo gushyira mu bikorwa ingamba zo kurwanya ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga, kurushaho kwagura ibyo mu gihugu, kugira ngo ubwiyongere bw'ibyifuzo byose mu mwanya ufatika, bityo Ubushinwa bukeneye ibyuma. kurushaho gushingira kubikenewe mu gihugu, ibisabwa byose byuma bizagaragara cyane.
Icya gatatu, ikibazo gikomeye cy’ifaranga ku isi, kizatanga amahirwe y’isoko ry’icyuma mu Bushinwa
Hagomba kandi kwerekanwa ko ikibazo cy’ifaranga rikomeye ku isi, kubera ko Ubushinwa bukenera ibyuma byose, atari ibintu bibi byose, hari n'amahirwe yo kwisoko.Isesengura ryibanze, hari byibuze amahirwe abiri.
Ubwa mbere, Amerika irashobora kugabanya imisoro yatumijwe mu mahanga ku bicuruzwa by'Ubushinwa.Intandaro y’ifaranga ry’isi muri iki gihe ni Amerika.Twebwe ifaranga ryibiciro byabaguzi ryihuse kuburyo butunguranye kugera kumyaka 40 hejuru ya 8,6% muri Gicurasi.Abahanga mu bukungu baraburira ko ifaranga ry’Amerika rizazamuka cyane, bishoboka ko 9%.Impamvu y'ingenzi yatumye ibiciro bikomeza kwiyongera muri Amerika biri mu gihe cyo kurwanya isi ku isi guverinoma y'Amerika yashyizeho imisoro myinshi ku bicuruzwa by'Ubushinwa, bikazamura igiciro cy'ibicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga.Kugira ngo ibyo bigerweho, ubu ubuyobozi bwa Biden burimo gukora ku bijyanye no guhindura ibiciro 301 ku bicuruzwa by’Ubushinwa, ndetse n’uburyo bwo gusonera ayo mahoro ku bicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe, mu rwego rwo gukuraho bimwe mu bitutu byazamutse ku biciro.Iyi ni inzitizi idashobora kwirindwa kuri Amerika kugenzura ifaranga.Niba ibiciro bimwe byoherezwa muri Amerika bigabanutse, mubisanzwe bizagirira akamaro Ubushinwa bwohereza ibicuruzwa hanze, cyane cyane ibyoherezwa mu mahanga bitaziguye.
Icya kabiri, ingaruka zo gusimbuza ibicuruzwa byabashinwa zashimangiwe.Ku isi muri iki gihe, ibicuruzwa bihendutse kandi byujuje ubuziranenge biva ahanini mu Bushinwa, ku ruhande rumwe, kubera ko icyorezo cy’icyorezo mu Bushinwa cyateye imbere ku buryo bugaragara, kandi n’Ubushinwa bukaba bwizewe.Ku rundi ruhande, iminyururu itangwa mu bice byinshi by'isi yagize ingaruka zikomeye ku cyorezo n'intambara hagati y'Uburusiya na Ukraine.Ibura ry'ibicuruzwa naryo ni ikintu gikomeye kigira ingaruka ku izamuka ry'ibiciro, ibyo bikaba bishimangira ingaruka zo gusimbuza ibicuruzwa by'Ubushinwa ku isoko mpuzamahanga, bikaba byiza cyane ku mikorere y'inganda zo mu Bushinwa.Niyo mpamvu Ubushinwa bwohereza ibicuruzwa hanze, harimo no kohereza ibyuma mu buryo butaziguye, byakomeje kwihangana nubwo ibidukikije byifashe nabi muri uyu mwaka.Kurugero, muri Gicurasi uyu mwaka, agaciro k’ibicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga n’ibyoherezwa mu Bushinwa byiyongereyeho 9,6% umwaka ushize na 9.2% ukwezi ku kwezi.By'umwihariko, gutumiza no kohereza mu karere ka Delta ya Yangtze Delta byiyongereyeho hafi 20% ukwezi ku kwezi ugereranije na Mata, kandi ibyoherezwa mu mahanga no kohereza mu mahanga Shanghai no mu tundi turere byagarutse ku buryo bugaragara.Mu kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze, agaciro kwohereza ibicuruzwa mu mashini n’amashanyarazi byiyongereyeho 7% umwaka ushize ku mwaka mu mezi atanu ya mbere y’uyu mwaka, bingana na 57.2% by’agaciro kwoherezwa mu mahanga.Ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga byose hamwe byinjije miliyari 119.05, byiyongereyeho 57,6%.Byongeye kandi, dukurikije imibare, mu mezi atanu ya mbere y’ibicuruzwa by’ubucukuzi bw’igihugu byagabanutseho 39.1% umwaka ushize, ariko ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga byiyongereyeho 75.7% ku mwaka.Ibi byose byerekana ko Ubushinwa bwohereza ibicuruzwa mu buryo butaziguye bikomeje gukomera, byiza cyane kuruta uko byari byitezwe, kubera ko icyifuzo cy’isi ku masoko y’Ubushinwa cyiyongera bitewe n’igitutu cy’izamuka ry’ibiciro ku isi.Biteganijwe ko uko urwego rw’ibiciro ku isi rukomeje kuba rwinshi cyangwa ndetse rukazamuka cyane, kwishingikiriza ku bihugu byose byo ku isi, cyane cyane ibihugu by’Uburayi n’Amerika, ku bicuruzwa by’Ubushinwa birimo ibikomoka ku mashini n’amashanyarazi biziyongera.Ibi bizatuma kandi Ubushinwa bwohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga cyane cyane ibyoherezwa mu buryo butaziguye, bihangane cyane, ndetse n’uburyo bukomeye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-14-2022